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包管理分析#001#apt软件源的更换方法

Ubuntu安装完毕之后,apt默认通过源地址 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu ,拉取apt源文件以及安装包。主机 archive.ubuntu.com 指向英国伦敦的服务器,一般来说可以正常使用,但是使用国内镜像源速度更加快,尤其对大文件更是如此。
本文记录国内一些质量比较好的镜像源,以及修改apt软件源的方法。

  • 清华大学开源软件镜像站   推荐使用
  • 阿里巴巴开源镜像站   推荐使用
  • 网易开源镜像站   推荐使用
  • 腾讯软件源
  • 华为开源镜像站
  • 中科大镜像站
  • 搜狐开源镜像站

Ubuntu软件源默认配置

仓库地址:https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu 或者 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu

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deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main restricted
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main restricted

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates main restricted

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates universe

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security main restricted
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security multiverse
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security multiverse

如果读者不小心覆盖了Ubuntu 22.04版本的/etc/apt/sources.list文件,可下载该原始文件备份

清华源配置方法

配置方法:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu
仓库地址:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu 或者 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu

第一步:访问配置方法页面,按照页面提供的选项,选择后生成配置内容

第二步:使用上述上述页面内容,或者下面的内容调整 /etc/apt/sources.list
对于Ubuntu 22.04版本,我们可以直接复制如下内容,替换 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件,建议操作前备份该原始文件

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deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

# deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

或者使用如下命令,对Ubuntu原始文件进行域名替换,建议操作前备份该原始文件

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$ sudo sed -i "s@http://.*archive.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn@g" /etc/apt/sources.list
$ sudo sed -i "s@http://.*security.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn@g" /etc/apt/sources.list

第三步:源文件更新完毕之后,使用如下命令更新本地apt源

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$ sudo apt update

阿里源配置方法

配置方法:https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu
仓库地址:https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu 后者 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu

第一步:访问配置方法页面,按照页面提供的选项,选择后生成配置内容

第二步:使用上述上述页面内容,或者下面的内容调整 /etc/apt/sources.list
对于Ubuntu 22.04版本,我们可以直接复制如下内容,替换 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件,建议操作前备份该原始文件

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deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

# deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

或者使用如下命令,对Ubuntu原始文件进行域名替换,建议操作前备份该原始文件

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$ sudo sed -i "s@http://.*archive.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.aliyun.com@g" /etc/apt/sources.list
$ sudo sed -i "s@http://.*security.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.aliyun.com@g" /etc/apt/sources.list

第三步:源文件更新完毕之后,使用如下命令更新本地apt源

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$ sudo apt update

网易源配置文件

仓库地址:https://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu 或者 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu

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deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

或者使用如下命令,对Ubuntu原始文件进行域名替换,建议操作前备份该原始文件

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$ sudo sed -i "s@http://.*archive.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu@g" /etc/apt/sources.list
$ sudo sed -i "s@http://.*security.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu@g" /etc/apt/sources.list

国内镜像源站点